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| Threat | Level of Concerna | Extentb | Occurrencec | Frequencyd | Severitye | Causal Certaintyf | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exotic, Invasive or Introduced Species | ||||||||
| Invasive alien species Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) |
High | Widespread (Routledge, Lauder, Elbow) | Current | Seasonal | Moderate | High | ||
| Baby’s-breath (Gypsophila paniculata) Crested Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) |
Medium | Localized (Pakowki, Elbow) | Current | Seasonal | Low | Low-Medium | ||
| Changes in ecological dynamics or natural processes | ||||||||
| Alteration to, or suppression of, grazing and/or fire regimes | Medium | Widespread (All) | Current | Seasonal | Low-Moderate | Medium | ||
| Over-grazing by wild or domestic animals | Low-Medium | Widespread (Lauder, Routledge, Elbow) | Current | Seasonal | Moderate | Low-Medium | ||
| Habitat Loss or Degradation | ||||||||
| Cultivation | Medium | Localized (Lauder, Pakowki) | Historic, Current | One-time | Moderate | High | ||
| Climate and Natural Disasters | ||||||||
| Prolonged wet climatic periods | Low-Medium | Widespread (All) | Historic, Current | Unknown | Unknown | Medium | ||
| Habitat Loss or Degradation | ||||||||
| Sand and Gravel Extraction | Low | Widespread (Lauder, Pakowki) | Unknown, Anticipated | One-time, Recurrent | Unknown | High | ||
| Road construction or maintenance | Low | Localized (Elbow, Lauder) | Current, Anticipated | One-time, Seasonal, Recurrent | Low | Medium-High | ||
| Oil and Gas Activities | Low | Localized (Pakowki) | Anticipated | Continuous | Low | Medium-High | ||
| Disturbance or Harm | ||||||||
| Recreational activities | Low | Localized (Routledge, Lauder) | Current | Seasonal, One-time, Recurrent | Low | High | ||
a Level of concern is defined as to whether managing the threat is an overall high, medium, or low concern for recovery of the species, taking into account all of the above factors.
b Extent – Defined as widespread, localized, or unknown across the species range.
c Occurrence is defined as historic (contributed to decline but no longer affecting the species), current (affecting the species now), imminent (is expected to affect the species very soon), anticipated (may affect the species in the future), or unknown.
d Frequency is defined as a one-time occurrence, seasonal (either because the species is migratory or the threat only occurs at certain times of the year), continuous (on-going), recurrent (re-occurs from time to time but not on an annual or seasonal basis), or unknown.
e Severity is defined as high (very large population-level effect), moderate, low, or unknown.
f Causal certainty is defined as whether the best available knowledge about the threat and its impact on population viability is high (evidence causally links the threat to stresses on population viability), medium (correlation between the threat and population viability, expert opinion, etc), or low (assumed or plausible threat only).