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Table 4. Recovery Planning Table.
Threat or Limitation Priority[4] Broad Strategy to Recovery General Description of Research and Management Approaches
Habitat conversion High Habitat and species protection
  • Identify protection mechanisms/instruments for the species and its critical habitat.
  • Conserve habitat which could be made suitable (may require restoration) where the species is known to have occurred within the last 35 years.
Invasion of alien plants

Encroachment of native and alien vegetation

Altered grazing or browsing regime

Threat: Changes in weather patterns, especially spring and early summer precipitation
High Stewardship
  • Prepare Best (Beneficial) Management Practices guidelines for Slender Popcornflower to support landowners and land managers in stewardship activities.
  • Develop location-specific plans for managing invasive alien plants, encroachment of vegetation, grazing/browsing regimes, and key habitat attributes such as amount of bare soil.
  • Engage landowners and land managers in recovery decisions and activities.
Medium Public education and outreach
  • Develop priorities to deliver public education and outreach concerning species at risk, their habitats, and their management.
  • Increase public awareness of the existence, conservation value, threats, and harm reduction measures for Slender Popcornflower and associated species at risk.
Medium Research
  • Determine effects of grazing/browsing and invasive alien plants on Slender Popcornflower.
  • Consider effects of climate change on all aspects of recovery.
Knowledge gaps regarding population size and trends and demography. High Population research and monitoring
  • Design and implement an inventory and monitoring program to track population trends for 10 successive years, with subsequent monitoring as required.
  • Report on population trends, area of occupancy, and habitat condition every 2 years.
  • Conduct demographic research in order to identify critical life stages (e.g., pollination/reproduction, dispersal, seed production, recruitment, and recruit survival) necessary for population growth.
  • Identify demographic criteria that would trigger immediate re-evaluation of recovery priorities and activities, and incorporate these into the management plans.
  • Determine species-specific population thresholds and targets suitable for long-term population objectives.
  • Monitor impacts of recovery activities on habitat, non-target species, plant communities, and ecological processes.
Knowledge gaps regarding and propagation and augmentation techniques.

Knowledge gaps: genetic connectivity

Limitation: Demographic collapse
High Population restoration
  • Identify, prioritize and rank habitat within the Canadian range for suitability and recovery potential.
  • Develop appropriate restoration techniques and location-specific management/restoration plans (including prescribed burn and invasive alien plant management) for Slender Popcornflower habitat.
  • Determine conditions (e.g., light requirements, soil type, vegetative cover) necessary for germination, establishment, growth and reproduction.
  • Collect soil samples from locations and conduct germination trials to evaluate presence of an existing seed bank at each population location.
  • Develop and implement establishment/ augmentation plans (including monitoring of success and effects on non-target species), consistent with existing guidelines (i.e., Maslovat 2009).
  • Assess genetic connectivity (if plants are found at locations other than Saturna Island).

Recovery Strategy for the Slender Popcornflower (Plagiobothrys tenellus) in Canada [Proposed]