White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) recovery strategy: chapter 5
The current distribution of the Columbia River population resides in the upper Columbia River from Revelstoke (REV) Dam to Grand Coulee Dam (Washington), as well as in the lower Kootenay River from its confluence with the Columbia River to Brilliant Dam (Figure 3). Studies conducted on Columbia River white sturgeon are divided among the following population components: i) Transboundary Reach, 56 km of riverine habitat located between HLK Dam and the Canada-U.S. border, including the small section of river in the lower Kootenay River below Brilliant Dam; ii) Arrow Lakes Reservoir (ALR), 230 km of riverine and lacustrine habitat located from REV to HLK Dams; and, iii) Roosevelt Reach (FDR), from the U.S. border downstream. The transboundary nature of this population requires that recovery efforts be coordinated across multiple jurisdictions. Since SARA is Canadian legislation, only critical habitat identification in Canada is addressed.
Remnant population components may also exist upstream of the ALR component (i.e. between REV and Mica Dams and in the Kinbasket Reservoir) but investigations have not captured white sturgeon at this time. Given the large size of these reservoirs, the failure to catch a white sturgeon does not necessarily preclude their existence, but would suggest that population densities are very low (RL&L Environmental Services Ltd. 2000b).
The following sections discuss the ALR component (Table 12) and the transboundary component (Table 13) separately.
Table 12. Summary of information base for white sturgeon critical habitats in the ALR area of the Columbia River. An empty cell means that the life stage does not consistently use the habitat. The table has two main columns from left to right: Location (see Figure 28 for basin overview) and Confirmed (Checkmark), Suspected (S), or Possible (question mark) Use by Life Stage and Degree of Use (H=High, M=Moderate, L=Low). The latter column has seven sub-columns from left to right: Spawn, Yolk sac larvae/feeding larvae, Early juvenile, Late Juvenile and Adult, Overwintering, Staging, and Overall assessment. Directly below column headings are five rows, read from left to right.
Row 1: Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course, checkmark (M), S (L), empty cell, checkmark (L), empty cell, empty cell, Critical. Row 2: Big Eddy, empty cell, question mark, empty cell, checkmark (L), empty cell, checkmark (M), Critical. Row 3: Salmon Rocks, empty cell, question mark, empty cell, checkmark (L), empty cell, checkmark (M), Critical. Row 4: Beaton Reach, empty cell, empty cell, checkmark (M), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), empty cell, Critical. Row 5: Narrow Burton Reach, empty cell, empty cell, S (L), checkmark (M), empty cell, empty cell, Critical.
Confirmed (√), Suspected (S), or Possible (?) Use by Life Stage and Degree of Use (H=High, M=Moderate, L=Low)
Table 13. Summary of information base for white sturgeon critical habitats in the transboundary area of the Columbia River. An empty cell means that the life stage does not consistently use the habitat. The table has two main columns from left to right: Location (see Figure 28 for basin overview) and Confirmed (checkmark), Suspected (S), or Possible (question mark) Use by Life Stage and Degree of Use (H=High, M=Moderate, L=Low). The latter column has seven sub-columns from left to right: Spawn, Yolk sac larvae/feeding larvae, Early juvenile, Late Juvenile and Adult, Overwintering, Staging, and Overall Assessment. Directly below column headings are seven rows, read from left to right.
Row 1: Robson Reach, checkmark (H), question mark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (M), Critical. Row 2: Kootenay Eddy, empty cell, empty cell, checkmark (M), checkmark (H), checkmark (M), checkmark (L-M), Critical. Row 3: Fort Shepherd Eddy, empty cell, empty cell, checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), Critical. Row 4: Waneta Eddy, empty cell, S(L), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (H), Critical. Row 5: Pend d’Oreille – Columbia Confluence, checkmark (H), checkmark (H), checkmark (L), checkmark (M), empty cell, checkmark (H), Critical. Row 6: Bridge Hole, empty cell, empty cell, S (L), checkmark (M), checkmark (M), empty cell, Critical. Row 7: Brilliant Tailrace, empty cell, empty cell, S (L), checkmark (M), checkmark (L), empty cell, Critical.
Confirmed (√),Suspected (S), or Possible (?) Use by Life Stage and Degree of Use (H=High, M=Moderate, L=Low)
8.5.1 Biophysical Functions, Features and Attributes of Critical Habitat – Upper Columbia River Population
Tables 14 and 15 summarize the critical habitat function(s), features and attributes, to the extent possible, for the Upper Columbia River population of white sturgeon.
Table 14. This table provides a summary of the biophysical features, functions, attributes and locations of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon in Arrow Lakes Reservoir. The first column describes the geographic locations of the critical habitat, which encompass areas within the Upper Columbia River system where white sturgeon reside. The second column indicates the life stage that uses each respective critical habitat area. The third column indicates the function that the particular life stage undertakes in each area. The fourth column describes the critical habitat feature that provides the function, and the fifth column details the attributes that the critical habitat feature must have in order to provide the biological function needed to support Upper Columbia River white sturgeon survival or recovery. The final column contains notes.
1 Depositional area– typically lower velocity areas where fish can rest and prey species may congregate; often in close proximity to confluences with other water bodies providing further access to food sources
Table 15. This table provides a summary of the biophysical features, functions, attributes and locations of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon in the Columbia Transboundary Reach. The first column describes the geographic locations of the critical habitat, which encompass areas within the Upper Columbia River system where white sturgeon reside. The second column indicates the life stage that uses each respective critical habitat area. The third column indicates the function that the particular life stage undertakes in each area. The fourth column describes the critical habitat feature that provides the function, and the fifth column details the attributes that the critical habitat feature must have in order to provide the biological function needed to support Upper Columbia River white sturgeon survival or recovery. The final column contains notes.
1 Depositional area– typically lower velocity areas where fish can rest and prey species may congregate; often in close proximity to confluences with other water bodies providing further access to food sources
The following locations of the critical habitat’s functions, features and attributes have been identified using the critical habitat parcel approach. Critical habitat downstream of existing hydroelectric facilities does not include the physical structure of the dam, although it may include anthropogenic features such as rip rap downstream of the facilities.
Figure 28. Reference map for locations of Upper Columbia River white sturgeon critical habitats.
Figure 28. This is a map of the Upper Columbia River showing an overview of critical habitat locations. Critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. Nine locations in the vicinity of Revelstoke, Castlegar and Trail are labelled on a map of British Columbia as follows: Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course, Salmon Rocks/Big Eddy, Beaton Reach, Narrow Burton Reach, Robson Reach, Bridge Hole, Brilliant Tailrace, Kootenay Eddy, Ft. Shepherd Eddy, Waneta Eddy/Pend d’Oreille River Confluence. A scale and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the south-eastern corner of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 29. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course, Big Eddy and Salmon Rocks.
Figure 29. Figure 29 is a map of a section of Arrow Lakes Reservoir, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat locations of Big Eddy, Salmon Rocks, and the Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course. The map depicts three polygons that have been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygons, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygons’ boundaries are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygons in the Big Eddy, Salmon Rocks, and the Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course map are also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygons in Table 16. A scale of 1:29,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 30. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Beaton Reach.
Figure 30. Figure 30 is a map of a section of Arrow Lakes Reservoir, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat location Beaton Reach. The map depicts a polygon that has been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygon, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygon’s boundary are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygon in the Beaton Reach map is also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygon in Table 16. A scale of 1:73,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 31. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Narrow Burton Reach.
Figure 31. Figure 31 is a map of a section of Arrow Lakes Reservoir, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat location Narrow Burton Reach. The map depicts a polygon that has been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygon, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygon’s boundary are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygon in the Narrow Burton Reach map is also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygon in Table 16. A scale of 1:73,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 32. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Robson Reach.
Figure 32. Figure 32 is a map of a section of the Columbia River, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat location Robson Reach. The map depicts a polygon that has been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygon, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygon’s boundary are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygon in the Robson Reach map is also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygon in Table 16. A scale of 1:55,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 33. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Kootenay Eddy, Bridge Hole and Brilliant Tailrace.
Figure 33. Figure 33 is a map of a section of the Lower Kootenay River, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat locations of Kootenay Eddy, Bridge Hole and Brilliant Tailrace. The map depicts three polygons that have been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygons, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygons’ boundaries are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygons in the Kootenay Eddy, Bridge Hole and Brilliant Tailrace map are also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygons in Table 16. A scale of 1:16,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 34. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Fort Shepherd Eddy.
Figure 34. Figure 34 is a map of a section of the Columbia River, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat location Fort Shepherd Eddy. The map depicts a polygon that has been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygon, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygon’s boundary are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygon in the Fort Shepherd Eddy map is also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygon in Table 16. A scale of 1:7,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Figure 35. Map of critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon: Waneta Eddy and Pend d’Oreille confluence with the Columbia River.
Figure 35. Figure 35 is a map of a section of the Columbia River, British Columbia, showing the critical habitat locations Waneta Eddy and the Pend d’Oreille confluence with the Columbia River. The map depicts two polygons that have been identified as critical habitat for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. In the identified polygons, critical habitat includes aquatic habitat features and attributes that Upper Columbia River white sturgeon use to carry out life functions. The coordinates denoting various points of the polygons’ boundaries are listed in Table 16. The critical habitat polygons in the Waneta Eddy and Pend d’Oreille confluence with the Columbia River map are also labeled with codes that correspond to codes used to identify the polygons in Table 16. A scale of 1:9,000 and legend are provided along with an inset map showing locations are primarily in the Kootenay region of British Columbia. The map is oriented in a “north is up” direction.
Table 16. Geospatial Coordinates of Critical Habitat Areas for Upper Columbia River white sturgeon. A footnote on the word “coordinates” in the previous sentence states the following: Coordinate points were digitized using various orthophotos provided by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The resolution of the various orthophotos varied significantly - ranging from 0.2 m cell size to 24 m cell size. This should be taken into consideration when evaluating the accuracy of the coordinates associated with these points. For geographic coordinate points, their boundary represents the annual high water mark (Hatfield et al. 2012). Note: For the Canadian portion of the Columbia River, river kilometres start at Hugh L. Keenleyside Dam (HLK) Dam in Castlegar and increase moving downstream to the Canada/U.S. border (HLK = 0 km, Canada/U.S. border ~ 57.0 km). River kilometres also increase on the upstream side of HLK Dam, starting at 0 km at the dam and increasing to the headwaters of the Columbia River.
The table has eight columns read left to right: Critical Habitat Name, Coordinate Marker, Waterbody, River Kilometer, Latitude (DD), Longitude (DD), Latitude (DMS), Longitude (DMS). DD refers to Decimal Degrees and DMS refers to Degrees, Minutes, Seconds. Directly below the column headings there are 65 rows. Nine rows correspond to the Columbia – Bridge Hole area, 10 to the Columbia – Brilliant Tailrace area, four to the Fort Shepherd Eddy area, four to the Columbia – Kootenay Eddy area, seven to the Columbia – Pend d’Oreille Confluence area, four to the Columbia – Robson Reach area, six to the Columbia – Waneta Eddy area, six to the Columbia (ALR) – Beaton Reach area, three to the Columbia (ALR) – Big Eddy area, four to the Columbia (ALR) – Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course area, four to the Columbia (ALR) – Narrow Burton Reach, and four to the Columbia (ALR) – Salmon Rocks area.
Critical Habitat Name | Coordinate Marker | Waterbody | River Kilometer | Latitude (DD) | Longitude (DD) | Latitude (DMS) | Longitude (DMS) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH1 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.318 | -117.628 | 49° 19' 4" N | 117° 37' 42" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH2 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.318 | -117.628 | 49° 19' 4" N | 117° 37' 41" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH3 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.318 | -117.629 | 49° 19' 3" N | 117° 37' 43" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH4 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.629 | 49° 19' 2" N | 117° 37' 44" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH5 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.630 | 49° 19' 0" N | 117° 37' 48" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH6 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.630 | 49° 19' 2" N | 117° 37' 49" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH7 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.630 | 49° 19' 2" N | 117° 37' 47" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH8 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.630 | 49° 19' 2" N | 117° 37' 46" W | |
Columbia - Bridge Hole | Cr-BH9 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.318 | -117.629 | 49° 19' 4" N | 117° 37' 44" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR1 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.324 | -117.621 | 49° 19' 26" N | 117° 37' 17" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR2 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.324 | -117.620 | 49° 19' 28" N | 117° 37' 12" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR3 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.324 | -117.619 | 49° 19' 27" N | 117° 37' 10" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR4 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.324 | -117.619 | 49° 19' 26" N | 117° 37' 9" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR5 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.323 | -117.620 | 49° 19' 24" N | 117° 37' 11" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR6 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.323 | -117.620 | 49° 19' 22" N | 117° 37' 13" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR7 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.322 | -117.623 | 49° 19' 17" N | 117° 37' 23" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR8 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.323 | -117.622 | 49° 19' 24" N | 117° 37' 18" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR9 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.323 | -117.621 | 49° 19' 23" N | 117° 37' 14" W | |
Columbia - Brilliant Tailrace | Cr-BTR10 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.321 | -117.622 | 49° 19' 16" N | 117° 37' 19" W | |
Columbia - Fort Shepherd Eddy | Cr-FSE1 | Columbia River | 49.028 | -117.603 | 49° 1' 40" N | 117° 36' 11" W | |
Columbia - Fort Shepherd Eddy | Cr-FSE2 | Columbia River | 49.027 | -117.606 | 49° 1' 35" N | 117° 36' 22" W | |
Columbia - Fort Shepherd Eddy | Cr-FSE3 | Columbia River | 49.032 | -117.615 | 49° 1' 55" N | 117° 36' 53" W | |
Columbia - Fort Shepherd Eddy | Cr-FSE4 | Columbia River | 49.033 | -117.613 | 49° 2' 0" N | 117° 36' 45" W | |
Columbia - Kootenay Eddy | Cr-KE1 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.316 | -117.648 | 49° 18' 58" N | 117° 38' 52" W | |
Columbia - Kootenay Eddy | Cr-KE2 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.314 | -117.649 | 49° 18' 52" N | 117° 38' 58" W | |
Columbia - Kootenay Eddy | Cr-KE3 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.314 | -117.653 | 49° 18' 52" N | 117° 39' 11" W | |
Columbia - Kootenay Eddy | Cr-KE4 | Lower Kootenay River | 49.317 | -117.652 | 49° 19' 0" N | 117° 39' 7" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC1 | Pend d'Oreille River | 49.005 | -117.619 | 49° 0' 17" N | 117° 37' 7" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC2 | Pend d'Oreille River | 49.003 | -117.619 | 49° 0' 12" N | 117° 37' 7" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC3 | Columbia River | 49.001 | -117.630 | 49° 0' 3" N | 117° 37' 46" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC4 | Columbia River | 49.001 | -117.633 | 49° 0' 3" N | 117° 38' 0" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC5 | Columbia River | 49.002 | -117.631 | 49° 0' 7" N | 117° 37' 52" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr- POC6 | Columbia River | 49.003 | -117.630 | 49° 0' 11" N | 117° 37' 46" W | |
Columbia - Pend d'Oreille Confluence | Cr-POC7 | Columbia River | 49.004 | -117.627 | 49° 0' 13" N | 117° 37' 36" W | |
Columbia - Robson Reach | Cr-RR1 | Columbia River | 49.332 | -117.665 | 49° 19' 56" N | 117° 39' 55" W | |
Columbia - Robson Reach | Cr-RR2 | Columbia River | 49.330 | -117.670 | 49° 19' 48" N | 117° 40' 12" W | |
Columbia - Robson Reach | Cr-RR3 | Columbia River | 49.338 | -117.770 | 49° 20' 16" N | 117° 46' 12" W | |
Columbia - Robson Reach | Cr-RR4 | Columbia River | 49.341 | -117.772 | 49° 20' 28" N | 117° 46' 19" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr-WE1 | Columbia River | 49.006 | -117.622 | 49° 0' 23" N | 117° 37' 19" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr-WE2 | Columbia River | 49.007 | -117.620 | 49° 0' 24" N | 117° 37' 13" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr-WE3 | Columbia River | 49.007 | -117.618 | 49° 0' 26" N | 117° 37' 6" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr- WE4 | Columbia River | 49.008 | -117.616 | 49° 0' 28" N | 117° 36' 58" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr- WE5 | Columbia River | 49.005 | -117.619 | 49° 0' 17" N | 117° 37' 7" W | |
Columbia - Waneta Eddy | Cr- WE6 | Columbia River | 49.004 | -117.625 | 49° 0' 15" N | 117° 37' 28" W | |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR1 | Upper Arrow Lake | 188.0 | 50.698 | -117.984 | 50° 41' 53" N | 117° 59' 1" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR2 | Upper Arrow Lake | 188.0 | 50.706 | -117.948 | 50° 42' 23" N | 117° 56' 51" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR3 | Upper Arrow Lake | 6.5 | 50.703 | -117.848 | 50° 42' 11" N | 117° 50' 53" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR4 | Upper Arrow Lake | 6.5 | 50.691 | -117.838 | 50° 41' 29" N | 117° 50' 17" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR5 | Upper Arrow Lake | 180.0 | 50.652 | -117.876 | 50° 39' 7" N | 117° 52' 33" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Beaton Reach | Cr-BR6 | Upper Arrow Lake | 180.0 | 50.634 | -117.921 | 50° 38' 3" N | 117° 55' 14" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Big Eddy | Cr-BE1 | Columbia River | 51.006 | -118.239 | 51° 0' 20" N | 118° 14' 22" W | |
Columbia (ALR) - Big Eddy | Cr-BE2 | Columbia River | 51.005 | -118.235 | 51° 0' 19" N | 118° 14' 7" W | |
Columbia (ALR) - Big Eddy | Cr-BE3 | Columbia River | 51.002 | -118.235 | 51° 0' 9" N | 118° 14' 7" W | |
Columbia (ALR) - Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course | Cr-RGC1 | Columbia River | 232.8 | 51.017 | -118.226 | 51° 1' 1" N | 118° 13' 33" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course | Cr-RGC2 | Columbia River | 232.8 | 51.016 | -118.224 | 51° 0' 57" N | 118° 13' 25" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course | Cr-RGC3 | Columbia River | 231.6 | 51.009 | -118.236 | 51° 0' 33" N | 118° 14' 9" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Columbia River adjacent to Revelstoke Golf Course | Cr-RGC4 | Columbia River | 231.6 | 51.009 | -118.239 | 51° 0' 34" N | 118° 14' 21" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Narrow Burton Reach | Cr-NBR1 | Columbia River | 99.0 | 50.001 | -117.910 | 50° 0' 5" N | 117° 54' 36" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Narrow Burton Reach | Cr-NBR2 | Columbia River | 99.0 | 50.000 | -117.888 | 50° 0' 2" N | 117° 53' 15" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Narrow Burton Reach | Cr-NBR3 | Lower Arrow Lake | 95.5 | 49.970 | -117.904 | 49° 58' 11" N | 117° 54' 14" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Narrow Burton Reach | Cr-NBR4 | Lower Arrow Lake | 95.5 | 49.978 | -117.931 | 49° 58' 41" N | 117° 55' 52" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Salmon Rocks | Cr-SR1 | Upper Arrow Lake | 226.8 | 50.983 | -118.214 | 50° 58' 58" N | 118° 12' 52" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Salmon Rocks | Cr-SR2 | Upper Arrow Lake | 226.8 | 50.983 | -118.212 | 50° 58' 58" N | 118° 12' 42" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Salmon Rocks | Cr-SR3 | Upper Arrow Lake | 226.1 | 50.975 | -118.209 | 50° 58' 32" N | 118° 12' 32" W |
Columbia (ALR) - Salmon Rocks | Cr-SR4 | Upper Arrow Lake | 226.1 | 50.975 | -118.211 | 50° 58' 31" N | 118° 12' 41" W |
13 Coordinate points were digitized using various orthophotos provided by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The resolution of the various orthophotos varied significantly - ranging from 0.2 m cell size to 24 m cell size. This should be taken into consideration when evaluating the accuracy of the coordinates associated with these points. For geographic coordinate points, their boundary represents the annual high water mark (Hatfield et al. 2012).
Note: For the Canadian portion of the Columbia River, river kilometres start at Hugh L. Keenleyside Dam (HLK) Dam in Castlegar and increase moving downstream to the Canada/U.S. border (HLK = 0 km, Canada/U.S. border ~ 57.0 km). River kilometres also increase on the upstream side of HLK Dam, starting at 0 km at the dam and increasing to the headwaters of the Columbia River.
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